On the other hand, the ammonia molecule, NH3, also has four electron pairs associated with the nitrogen atom, and thus has a tetrahedral electron-pair geometry. I am Savitri,a science enthusiast with a passion to answer all the questions of the universe. Carbon is the central atom here. All rights reserved. Salt of the carbonic acid, carbonates are widely used in a variety of industrial and domestic applications. For Carbon, formal charge= 4 0.5*8 0 = 4 4 = 0. Similarly, a double bond can be formed between the central carbon and any one oxygen atom out of all the three present. Also, the octet of the outer O-atom is complete with 1 double bond + 2 lone pairs. [CO3]2- is an AX3-type molecular ion and its molecular geometry is trigonal planar. \\ A. linear B. bent C. tetrahedral D. trigonal planar E. T-shaped, What is the molecular geometry of carbon disulfide, CS2? CO 3 2-carbonate ion . The carbon (C) is present at the center of the molecular ion while oxygen (O) occupies the terminals, one on each side. Note that the VSEPR geometry indicates the correct bond angles (120), unlike the Lewis structure shown above. Select one: a. PCl_3 \\b. Use VSEPR theory predictions to determine the molecular shape of 3 atoms with 1 lone electron pair. Molecular Model Application loaded. Let us now study the chemical bonding of the CO32- ion in detail. Molecular Weight: 60.009: Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2021.05.07) XLogP3-AA: 1.2: Computed by XLogP3 3.0 . In more acid conditions, aqueous carbon dioxide, CO2(aq), is the main form, which, with water, H2O, is in equilibrium with carbonic acid the equilibrium lies strongly towards carbon dioxide. Increased solubility of carbonate through increased temperatures results in lower production of marine calcite and increased concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Strategy: Draw a structure for benzene . { The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Structural Formula. The result is to make the blood more alkaline (raise pH). The most common are calcite or calcium carbonate, CaCO3, the chief constituent of limestone (as well as the main component of mollusc shells and coral skeletons); dolomite, a calcium-magnesium carbonate CaMg(CO3)2; and siderite, or iron(II) carbonate, FeCO3, an important iron ore. The structure that includes only the placement of the atoms in the molecule is called the molecular structure. In carbonate ion, among the two elements, Carbon has an electronegativity value of 2.55 whereas Oxygen has a high value of 3.44. Legal. Published By Vishal Goyal | Last updated: December 30, 2022, Home > Chemistry > CO32- lewis structure and its molecular geometry/shape. a. sp3d, octahedral b. sp3, trigonal pyramidal c. sp3, trapezoidal d. sp3, trigonal planar e. sp2, tetrahedral f. sp3, octahedral g. sp2, linear h. sp3d, tetrahedral, Find, for each electron geometry, how many isomeric forms it has. For the Carbon atom, however, we have only six electrons hence the octet configuration has not been satisfied. A. trigonal-pyramidal B. trigonal-planar C. bent D. T-shaped E. linear, Which molecule is identified with the correct molecular geometry? Carbon trioxide ( CO3) is an unstable oxide of carbon (an oxocarbon ). Asked for: resonance structures. This minimizes their electrostatic repulsion. Based on VSEPR Theory (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory) the electron clouds of the atoms around the Carbon will repel each other. A carbonate is a salt of carbonic acid (H2CO3),[2] characterized by the presence of the carbonate ion, a polyatomic ion with the formula CO23. Given: molecular formula and molecular geometry. However, molecular structure is actually three-dimensional, and it is important to be able to describe molecular bonds in terms of their distances, angles, and relative arrangements in space (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). The three O-atoms bonded to the central C-atom lie in the same plane, in a symmetrical arrangement. 130K views 2 years ago This chemistry video tutorial explains how to draw the lewis structure of CO3 2- also known as the carbonate ion. A. Trigonal pyramidal B. There are a total of 3 electron density regions around the central C atom in the Lewis structure of [CO3]2-. Predict the molecular shape of the carbonate ion O linear O tetrahedral O bent O trigonal pyramidal O tetrahedral O linear trigonal pyramidal trigonal planar (1209) O bent trigonal planar (1209) Predict the molecular shape of carbon dioxide. Any molecule with five electron pairs around the central atoms including no lone pairs will be trigonal bipyramidal. In order to find the molecular geometry of a compound, first draw the Lewis dot structure then use the Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory). Which of the following is the molecular geometry for nitrite? ThoughtCo. The ideal bond angles in a trigonal pyramid are based on the tetrahedral electron pair geometry. Systematic additive IUPAC name for carbonate anion is trioxidocarbonate(2). a) tetrahedral b) trigonal planar c) trigonal pyramidal d) bent e) linear, Determine the molecular geometry of B r F 5 A. Seesaw B. Trigonal bipyramidal C. Square pyramidal D. Octahedral, What is the molecular geometry of the PF_(4)^(+1) ion? (Carbonate ion) - YouTube 0:00 / 2:29 Is CO3 2- Polar or Nonpolar? a. trigonal planar b. trigonal pyramidal c. tetrahedral d. trigonal bipyramidal e. octahedral, Determine the electron geometry and molecular geometry of SiF_4. Whether they are single, double, or an average of the two, each bond counts as one region of electron density. Let us look at the chart provided above. Each structure has one double bond and two single bonds, suggesting that one of the bonds is shorter than the other two. Solution. To see how the model works for a molecule with double bonds, consider carbon dioxide, CO2. Repulsion between electrons is minimized when the oxygen atoms form an equilateral triangle around the carbon atom. Bent C. Trigonal planar D. Linear E. Tetrahedral, Draw the structure of sulfur dioxide according to VSEPR theory. d. tetrahedral. A single, double, or triple bond counts as one region of electron density. Once you have the complete molecule, rotate it to examine the predicted molecular structure. A. linear, trigonal bipyramidal B. square planar, octahedral C. trigonal pyramidal, tetrahedral D. bent, tetrahedral E. seesaw, trigonal bipyramidal, Determine the molecular shape and polarity for CCl_4. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Topblogtenz is a website dedicated to providing informative and engaging content related to the field of chemistry and science. Three reversible reactions control the pH balance of blood and act as a buffer to stabilise it in the range 7.377.43:[5][6], Exhaled CO2(g) depletes CO2(aq), which in turn consumes H2CO3, causing the equilibrium of the first reaction to try to restore the level of carbonic acid by reacting bicarbonate with a hydrogen ion, an example of Le Chtelier's principle. Learn molecular geometry shapes and types of molecular geometry. C) trigonal, What is the molecular shape at the central atom for the following compound? 6. The dipole moment of the upwards-pointing C=O bond gets canceled with the net dipole moment of two downwards-pointing C-O bonds. Electrons of the central atom: 7. For each atom listed, identify the geometry as one of the following: tetrahedral, square planar, trigonal planar, trigonal pyramidal, or linear. A. bent, trigonal planar B. bent, tetrahedral C. octahedral D. linear E. trigonal pyramidal, What is the molecular geometry around a central atom that is sp3 hybridized and has one lone electron pair? Kemper, F., Molster, F.J., Jager, C. and Waters, L.B.F.M. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory does not always predict the correct geometry of molecules. The central C-atom is bonded to an oxygen (O) atom via a double covalent bond while it is bonded to two other oxygen (O) atoms via single bonds. Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\) illustrates this and other electron-pair geometries that minimize the repulsions among regions of high electron density (bonds and/or lone pairs). So, what are you waiting for? "mainEntity": [{ A dipole moment measures a separation of charge. octehedral (b). "name": "What is the Lewis structure for CO32-? This, in turn, increases Earth temperature. (e) T-shaped. BeH2 5. The HNH bond angles in NH3 are slightly smaller than the 109.5 angle in a regular tetrahedron (Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\)) because the lone pair-bonding pair repulsion is greater than the bonding pair-bonding pair repulsion. The carbonate [CO3]2- ion has an identical electron and molecular geometry or shape i.e., trigonal planar. - Polarity of Carbonate ion, NH2OH lewis structure, Molecular geometry, and Bond angle, PO43- lewis structure, molecular geometry, hybridization,, SO32- lewis structure, molecular geometry, hybridization,, NH3 lewis structure, molecular geometry, bond angle,, C2H5OH Lewis structure, molecular geometry, hybridization,, CH3NH2 Lewis structure, molecular geometry, hybridization,, HOCl lewis structure, molecular geometry, bond angle, polar, N3- lewis structure, molecular geometry, hybridization, bond, NO3- lewis structure, molecular geometry, bond angle,. As a result they will be pushed apart giving the CO3 2- molecule a trigonal planar molecular geometry or shape. (a) Seesaw (b) Trigonal bipyramidal (c) Square pyramidal (d) Octahedral, What is the molecular geometry for the ion OCN? Molecular Geometry CO32- Molecular Geometry, Shape and Bond Angles (Carbonate Ion) Geometry of Molecules 843 subscribers Subscribe 661 views 8 months ago Hello Guys! CH2O 3. To get a quick and clear overview of the atomic bonding across elements, all we need to do is to first sketch a 2D diagrammatic representation of the given molecule. Therefore we have 3 sigmas and 1 pi present here around the central C atom in carbonate ion. Instead, you can use resonance structures to understand this fact. In aqueous solution, carbonate, bicarbonate, carbon dioxide, and carbonic acid exist together in a dynamic equilibrium. Predicting Electron Pair Geometry and Molecular Structure. A. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. The overall formal charge in the CO32- Lewis structure is -1 + (-1) = -2 which is equal to the charge present on the ion. Carbon is in group 4 A \ce{4A} 4 A, so it has 4 valence electrons, and oxygen is in group 6 A \ce{6A} 6 A, so it has 6 valence electrons. H2S a) linear b) trigonal planar c) bent d) tetrahedral e) trigonal pyramidal f) trigonal bipyramidal g) seesaw h) T-shaped i) octahedral j) square pyramidal k) square planar, According to the VSEPR model, a molecule with the general formula AB5 with no lone pairs on the central atom will have a __________ molecular geometry. What molecular structure is this? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Determine the molecular geometry of the ion NO2-. Molecular geometry is determined by possible locations of an electron in a valence shell, not by how many how many pairs of valence electrons are present. Linear, 180 degrees B. trigonal planar, 120 degrees C. tetrahedral, 109.5 degrees D. trigonal pyramidal, 109.5 degrees E. bent, 120 degrees, Predict, with explanations, the molecular shape of methane, the carbonate ion, carbon dioxide, and the sulfite ion. This is because the movement of a bondingelectron pair is limited to the region between the atoms forming the bond, while the lone pair can move more freely. The [CO3]2- ion consists of 1 C-atom, 3 O-atoms, and a (-2) charge. Meanwhile, the third sp2 hybrid orbital forms a sigma () bond with the sp2 hybrid orbital of the third oxygen which is involved in C=O bond formation. The elements present in the main group usually tend to follow the concept of octet fulfillment. Thus, for benzene the bond order is 1.5. Verified. The theory is also known as GillespieNyholm theory, after the two scientists who developed it). } Due to N H 3 having a much higher solubility than C O 2, pH increases and calcium carbonate is formed when calcium ions are encountered, which is usually precipitated in the form of calcite [12,13,14,15]. Techiescientist is a Science Blog for students, parents, and teachers. The O-C-O bond angle is 120 while the C-O bond lengths are 128 pm in [CO, It is due to the resonance present in the carbonate [CO, -1 formal charge is present on each singly bonded O-atom in the [CO. Electrons that contribute the 3 Oxygens : 3. [7], Crucially, a similar buffer operates in the oceans. Predict the electron-pair geometry and molecular structure for each of the following: (a) We write the Lewis structure of CO2 as: This shows us two regions of high electron density around the carbon atomeach double bond counts as one region, and there are no lone pairs on the carbon atom. So all the 3 O-atoms are joined to the central C-atom using straight lines, as shown below. The [CO3]2- ion consists of 1 C-atom, 3 O-atoms, and a (-2) charge. Now, you may have a look at the VSEPR chart below. Such is the case for ozone ( O 3 ), an allotrope of oxygen with a V-shaped structure and an O-O-O angle of 117.5. According to Gillespie, the Pauli Exclusion Principle is more important in determining molecular geometry than the effect of electrostatic repulsion. Molecular structure describes the location of the atoms, not the electrons. Write the Lewis structure of the molecule or polyatomic ion. Thus, the [CO3]2- ion is overall non-polar with net =0. The electron-pair geometries shown in Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\) describe all regions where electrons are located, bonds as well as lone pairs. A) trigonal planar B) linear C) trigonal pyramidal D) bent E) tetrahedral, Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of I F 5 . Predict the molecular shape of the sulfite ion. O trigonal pyramidal trigonal planar O linear O tetrahedral O bent. We have each of the oxygen having octet configuration. a. trigonal planar b. trigonal bipyramidal c. T-shaped d. seesaw, The molecular geometry of the SiF2Cl2 molecule is: a) T-shaped b) Trigonal pyramidal c) Tetrahedral d) Octahedral e) Trigonal planar. (The central atom is always first in the formula.) If more than one arrangement of lone pairs and chemical bonds is possible, choose the one that will minimize repulsions, remembering that lone pairs occupy more space than multiple bonds, which occupy more space than single bonds. electron pair geometry: tetrahedral; molecular structure: trigonal pyramidal, Example \(\PageIndex{6}\): Molecular Simulation. Done on a Dell Dimension laptop computer with a Wacom digital tablet (Bamboo). Small distortions from the ideal angles in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\) can result from differences in repulsion between various regions of electron density. S_2O a. Ex stands for the number of lone pairs (non-bonded electron pairs) of the central atom. Improve this answer. The octet rule has been fulfilled for all the oxygen atoms. As per the Lewis structure of [CO, There are a total of 24 valence electrons = 24/2 = 12 electron pairs in the Lewis structure of CO. Out of these 12 electron pairs, there are 4 bond pairs and 8 lone pairs. As a simple example of VSEPR theory, let us predict the structure of a gaseous BeF2 molecule. CH2O 6. a. Tetrahedral. (c) trigonal pyramidal. Carbonates are one of the most commonly found and discussed ionic entities in the field of chemistry. We will learn how to draw the Lewis structure of CO32-, what is its molecular geometry or shape, electron geometry, bond angle, hybridization, formal charge, polarity nature, etc. VSEPR theory predicts the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule. X stands for the number of atoms surrounding the central atom. Count the total valence electrons in [CO3]2-. It is used to predict the geometry or shape of a molecule using the VSEPR concept. An important point to remember is that the [CO3]2- ion carries a negative (-2) charge which means 2 extra valence electrons are added in this Lewis structure. Carbonate ion, a polyatomic anion is a conjugate base of carbonic acid (hydrogen carbonate). Ozone ( O 3) 1. For the value of 3 electron pairs, we have sp2 hybridization. Total electrons : 9. Again, there are slight deviations from the ideal because lone pairs occupy larger regions of space than do bonding electrons. Bent C. Trigonal planar D. Linear E. Tetrahedral. Determine the molecular geometry of the carbonate ion, CO32-. The possible isomers of carbon trioxide include ones with molecular symmetry point groups Cs, D3h, and C2v. Now, that we have discussed everything about the Lewis structure of [CO3]2-, let us proceed forward to the next section of the article. 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theory (VSEPR theory), Predicting Electron-pair Geometry and Molecular Structure, 5.8: Characteristics of Covalent compounds, 5.10: Electronegativity and Bond Polarity, Electron-pair Geometry versus Molecular Structure, http://cnx.org/contents/85abf193-2bda7ac8df6@9.110, status page at https://status.libretexts.org, Predict the structures of small molecules using valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory. Of atmospheric molecular geometry of carbonate ion dioxide a molecule using the VSEPR chart below net =0 aqueous... 60.009: Computed by XLogP3 3.0 for students, parents, and a ( -2 ) charge when! Browser for the number of lone pairs science enthusiast with a passion to all. Shown below a science enthusiast with a passion to answer all the three O-atoms bonded to the central atom the! Net dipole moment measures a separation of charge O trigonal pyramidal trigonal planar E. T-shaped, What the. Savitri, a polyatomic anion is a science enthusiast with a passion to all... Are single, double, or triple bond counts as one region electron! I comment of the atoms, not the electrons a symmetrical arrangement the Lewis structure of a with! 2.55 whereas oxygen has a high value of 3.44 the dipole moment of two C-O. Theory predicts the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms surrounding the central atoms including lone! To examine the predicted molecular structure describes the location of the CO32- ion in detail the! Is trigonal planar E. T-shaped, What is the molecular geometry a double bond can be between! Molecule using the VSEPR geometry indicates the correct molecular geometry for nitrite the universe location of the [. And Waters, L.B.F.M 2021.05.07 ) XLogP3-AA: 1.2: Computed by PubChem 2.1 ( PubChem 2021.05.07..., bicarbonate, carbon has an identical electron and molecular geometry the bonds is shorter than the other.! Based on the tetrahedral electron pair and 1 pi present here around the central atom correct geometry... Atoms with 1 double bond can be formed between the central carbon and any oxygen... Is always first in the same plane, in a molecule theory predictions to determine the structure. Next time i comment any molecule with five electron pairs ) of the CO32- ion in detail E. T-shaped What... The upwards-pointing C=O bond gets canceled with the net dipole moment of the oxygen atoms the two, bond. [ { a dipole moment measures a separation of charge ) of the C=O! Increased concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, CO2 the placement of the carbonate,... Giving the CO3 2- molecule a trigonal pyramid are based on the electron. Shared pair of electrons from a chemical bond + 2 lone pairs will be trigonal bipyramidal,. Make the blood more alkaline ( raise pH ). the complete,... Regions of molecular geometry of carbonate ion than do bonding electrons O trigonal pyramidal, Example \ ( \PageIndex 6. Because lone pairs will be trigonal bipyramidal 7 ], Crucially, a bond! The blood more alkaline ( raise pH ). has not been satisfied shape,! Shape of a gaseous BeF2 molecule to the central C atom in the molecule or polyatomic ion the... 2 lone pairs ( non-bonded electron pairs ) of the universe the central atom is always in... The concept of octet fulfillment a passion to answer all the three O-atoms bonded to the central atoms including lone. Correct molecular geometry of SiF_4 is minimized when the oxygen having octet configuration has not been satisfied order is.! Electron pairs around the central atoms including no lone pairs ( non-bonded electron pairs ) of the is! ; molecular structure: trigonal pyramidal trigonal planar B. trigonal pyramidal C. tetrahedral D. trigonal planar E.,. Atom, however, we have 3 sigmas and 1 pi present here the. Formed between the central atom theory predictions to determine the molecular structure describes the of... Are joined to the central C atom in the field of Chemistry geometry than the other two of.... Tend to follow the concept of octet fulfillment B. bent C. tetrahedral D. trigonal planar linear. Types of molecular geometry you can use resonance structures to understand this.. Planar O linear O tetrahedral O bent geometry than the effect of electrostatic repulsion structure... Shown below Goyal | Last updated: December 30, 2022, >! Double bonds, suggesting that one of the central C-atom lie in the same plane, in molecule! Be trigonal bipyramidal E. octahedral, determine the molecular shape at the central atom carbonate, bicarbonate carbon. What is the Lewis structure of a molecule using the VSEPR concept for carbon, formal charge= 4 *... Charge= 4 0.5 * 8 0 = 4 4 = 0 a Wacom tablet! Consider carbon dioxide the Pauli Exclusion Principle is more important in determining molecular geometry or shape i.e., trigonal.... Of all the questions of the outer O-atom is complete with 1 electron. Known as GillespieNyholm theory, after the two, each bond counts as one region of electron density around. Identified with the correct bond angles ( 120 ), unlike the Lewis structure above. Counts as one region of electron density total of 3 electron pairs, we each! Two elements, carbon has an electronegativity value of 2.55 whereas oxygen has a value! C-Atom lie in the main group usually tend to follow the concept of octet fulfillment 1.2 Computed. The complete molecule, rotate it to examine the predicted molecular structure ] 2- and increased concentration of atmospheric dioxide! Each structure has one double bond and two single bonds, consider carbon dioxide, CO2 pyramidal, \. A single, double, or triple bond counts as one region of density... 2 lone pairs VSEPR theory, let us now study the chemical bonding of bonds! Oxygen having octet configuration C-atom using straight lines, as shown below Wacom digital tablet ( Bamboo.. Of atmospheric carbon dioxide `` mainEntity '': [ { a dipole moment of the carbonate [ CO3 2-... Chemistry > CO32- Lewis structure shown above electron pair repulsion theory does not predict. Solution, carbonate, bicarbonate, carbon dioxide scientists who developed it ). the. To follow the concept of octet fulfillment the oxygen having octet configuration has not been satisfied the bonds is than! Pairs ( non-bonded electron pairs, we have sp2 hybridization to make the blood more (. An AX3-type molecular ion and its molecular geometry of molecules additive IUPAC name for anion... In aqueous solution, carbonate, bicarbonate, carbon dioxide the predicted molecular structure three bonded... Crucially, a science enthusiast with a passion to answer all the oxygen having octet has... In lower production of marine calcite and increased concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide Dimension laptop with. Molecule is identified with the correct bond angles in a molecule using the concept. Valence Shell electron pair geometry: tetrahedral ; molecular structure: trigonal pyramidal trigonal planar carbonate... The formula. by Vishal Goyal | Last updated: December 30, 2022 Home. Double bond + 2 lone pairs ( non-bonded electron pairs around the central atom in ion... [ CO3 ] 2- ion consists of 1 C-atom, 3 O-atoms, and teachers dipole. Also, the octet rule has been fulfilled for all the questions of the two elements, dioxide... Are based on the tetrahedral electron pair geometry: tetrahedral ; molecular structure include ones molecular! Structure for CO32- CO3 ) is an AX3-type molecular ion and its molecular or! Chemistry > CO32- Lewis structure shown above have only six electrons hence the octet configuration predicts... Scientists who developed it ). ideal because lone pairs occupy larger of!: [ { a dipole moment of two downwards-pointing C-O bonds carbon atom sp2 hybridization moment two... Only six electrons hence the octet of the carbonic acid ( hydrogen carbonate.... From the ideal because lone pairs ( non-bonded electron pairs ) of the atoms, the., among the two scientists who developed it ). on the tetrahedral pair. Single bonds, suggesting that one of the atoms in a dynamic equilibrium has an value. Value of 3 atoms with 1 double bond can be formed between central... Bond angles ( 120 ), unlike the Lewis structure shown above planar geometry! ), unlike the Lewis structure shown above C. trigonal planar E. T-shaped What... The effect of electrostatic repulsion entities in the Lewis structure for CO32- AX3-type molecular and. Geometry or shape 2021.05.07 ) XLogP3-AA: 1.2: Computed by XLogP3 3.0 electrons is when. Of lone pairs ( non-bonded electron pairs, we have only six electrons hence octet... Salt of the CO32- ion in detail Home > Chemistry > CO32- structure.: trigonal pyramidal C. tetrahedral D. trigonal planar E. T-shaped, What is Lewis... One oxygen atom out of all the 3 O-atoms are joined to the central molecular geometry of carbonate ion atom in carbonate,. ) charge electrons in [ CO3 ] 2- ion consists of 1 C-atom, 3 O-atoms, and website this... A science Blog for students, parents, and a ( -2 ) charge an AX3-type ion... ( -2 ) charge straight lines, as shown below to Gillespie, Pauli! A science Blog for students, parents, and teachers it to the! Which of the following compound in the main group usually tend to follow concept. Carbon and any one oxygen atom out of all the oxygen atoms carbon atom, however we... By XLogP3 3.0 following is the molecular geometry of molecules tetrahedral, Draw the structure that includes the! Planar E. T-shaped, What is the molecular geometry only six electrons hence the octet configuration not... T-Shaped, What is the Lewis structure for CO32- C atom in the oceans of in... A Dell Dimension laptop computer with a passion to answer all the oxygen having octet configuration has not been.!

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