But Brad Smith, who used to be on the Federal Election Commission, disagrees. What other voting reforms would you make? Levine said the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact would be easier to accomplish than passing a constitutional amendment. You know, you get 100 million votes and somebody else gets 90 million votes and you win. Just as in 2000 when George W. Bush received fewer nationwide popular votes than Al Gore, Donald Trump served as the President of the United States despite being supported by fewer Americans than his opponent. What she means by manipulations are the efforts by Republicans to change election laws in their favor. ], [Editors Note: The MLA citation style requires double spacing within entries. This has happened only once, when in 1824 four candidates split the electoral vote, denying any one of them a majority. Which of the following statements expresses a fact about the Electoral College? true or false: Third-party candidates running for president must gather voter signatures to be placed on the ballot in each state. (E) Senators and representatives are prohibited from the electoral college by the Constitution. The measure would not be enacted until states possessing 270 votes approve it. That is, from the contents of PepsiCos annual report, identify by name the corporations that have been consolidated (parent and subsidiaries). Smith says this is something fellow Republicans should consider. true or false: Television and mass media have most influenced presidential campaigns and nominations by focusing attention on detailed comparisons of policy positions. From the Middle Ages until 1792, leaders of the Holy Roman Empire were elected by a college of prince-electors from various German states. ProCon.org. If your thoughts have not changed, list two to three ways your better understanding of the other side of the issue now helps you better argue your position. The ultimate solution was an indirect method of choosing the president With about 93 percent of the countrys slaves toiling in just five southern states, that region was the undoubted beneficiary of the compromise, increasing the size of the Souths congressional delegation by 42 percent. Most people feel that the person who gets the most votes should become president. But just 538 people decide who will be president; thats about 0.000156% of the population deciding the president. 14, 1788, Marc Schulman, "Why the Electoral College," historycentral.com (accessed Nov. 18, 2016), Melissa Kelly, "Why Did the Founding Fathers Create Electors?," 712educators.about.com, Jan. 28, 2016, Hans A. von Spakovsky, "Destroying the Electoral College: The Anti-Federalist National Popular Vote Scheme," heritage.org, Oct. 27, 2011, Richard A. Posner, "In Defense of the Electoral College," slate.com, Nov. 12, 2012, Jarrett Stepman, "Why America Uses Electoral College, Not Popular Vote for Presidential Election," cnsnews.com, Nov. 7, 2016, Gary Gregg, "Electoral College Keeps Elections Fair," politico.com, Dec. 5, 2012, John Nichols, "Obama's 3 Million Vote, Electoral College Landslide, Majority of States Mandate," thenation.com, Nov. 9, 2012, Joe Miller, "The Reason for the Electoral College," factcheck.org, Feb. 11, 2008, William C. Kimberling, "The Manner of Choosing Electors," uselectionatlas.org (accessed Nov. 18, 2016), Sanford V. Levinson, "A Common Interpretation: The 12th Amendment and the Electoral College," blog.constitutioncenter.org, Nov. 17, 2016, Andrew Prokop, "Why the Electoral College Is the Absolute Worst, Explained," vox.com, Nov. 10, 2016, Sam Weber and Laura Fong, "This System Calls for Popular Vote to Determine Winner," pbs.org, Nov. 6, 2016, Leslie Stahl, "President-elect Trump Speaks to a Divided Country on 60 Minutes," cbsnews.com, Nov. 13, 2016, Lisa Lerer, "Clinton Wins Popular Vote by Nearly 2.9 Million, elections.ap.org, Dec. 22, 2016, Doina Chiacu and Susan Cornwell, "US Congress Certifies Trumps Electoral College Victory, reuters.com, Jan. 6, 2017, Congressional Research Service, "The Electoral College: A 2020 Presidential Election Timeline," crsreports.congress.gov, Sep. 3, 2020, Jonathen Easley, "Gallup: 61 Percent Support Abolishing the Electoral College," thehill.com, Sep. 24, 2020, Fair Vote, "Past Attempts at Reform," fairvote.org (accessed Oct. 1, 2020), John Wagner, et al., "Pence Declares Biden Winner of the Presidential Election after Congress Finally Counts Electoral Votes,", Jeremy Stahl, "This Team Thinks They Can Fix the Electoral College by 2024," slate.com, Dec. 14, 2020, Nicholas Casey, "Meet the Electoral Colleges Biggest Critics: Some of the Electors Themselves," nytimes.com, Dec. 12, 2020, Wilfred Codrington III, "The Electoral Colleges Racist Origins," theatlantic.com, Nov. 17, 2019, Peniel E. Joseph, "Shut the Door on Trump by Ending the Electoral College," cnn.com, Dec. 15, 2020, Steve Sisolak, "Governor Sisolak Statement on Assembly Bill 186," gov.nv.gov, May 30, 2019, Andrew Selsky, "Critics of Electoral College Push for Popular Vote Compact," apnews.com, Dec. 12, 2020, Mara Liasson, "A Growing Number of Critics Raise Alarms about the Electoral College,", Faith Karimi, "Why the Electoral College Has Long Been Controversial," cnn.com, Oct. 10, 2020, US Census Bureau, "U.S. and World Population Clock," census.gov (accessed Dec. 8, 2021), US Census Bureau, 2017 National Population Projections Tables: Main Series," census.gov, 2017. "James Madison, himself a Virginia slave-owner, said, 'The South will never go for this. The peculiar system that emerged was the Electoral College. [29], The racism at the root of the Electoral College persists, suppressing the votes of people of color in favor of voters from largely homogenously white states. All Rights Reserved. ], ProCon.org, "The Electoral College Top 3 Pros and Cons,", ProCon.org, "The Electoral College Top 3 Pros and Cons. Onlythe state legislatures were given the authority to direct the manner of appointing presidential electors. [2] [14], In 227 years, the winner of the popular vote has lost the electoral vote only five times. true or false: During wartime, Congress has given presidents extra powers so that they can act quickly. This is because the president is not chosen directly by the voters, but what's known as the electoral college. Copy the following ratios. [23] [26]. Which of the following statements expresses a fact about the Electoral College? "Our calculus might change if pretty much every single election, you know, the person who won the most popular votes wasn't winning," he said. There are policy implications associated with that, he added. Harvard's Mukunda said. Article 1 of the Constitution determined that members of the Senate and House of Representatives would both be elected directly by popular vote. In 2000, George W. Bush captured more electoral votes while earning 500,000 fewer popular votes than Al Gore. (emphasis added). The objection is expected to fail. As the statement said: "We will be delegitimizing the very system that led Donald Trump to victory in 2016, and that could provide the only path to victory in 2024.". Another way the Electoral College is unfair, says Harvard University political scientist Gautam Mukunda, is that each state gets electors based on its representation in the House and Senate, which means small states get extra votes. It's different from that ofother republics, where citizens vote directly for the president. How did the understanding of consciousness differ between William James and Sigmund Freud? when nominated by the political party. A. [21] [22], A Sep. 2020 Gallup poll found 61% of Americans were in favor of abolishing the Electoral College, up 12 points from 2016. 325 N. LaSalle Street, Suite 200 due process is guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! What distinguishes the juvenile justice system from the adult justice system? There have been calls to removethe college, but changing the election processwould require a constitutional amendment, which both Opaland Levine said would be difficult to accomplish. It's about one person, one vote everybody's vote counting equally," he said. annual reports of PepsiCo and Coca-Cola, including the notes to the financial statements, are also provided in Appendices B and C, respectively. They are often elected state representatives, party leaders and activists. He holds a master's of journalism from the University of King's College in Halifax. 32129. the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. "Nothing in the Constitution says how the electors are supposed to vote," Opal said. when the cabinet deems it necessary. Last modified on December 9, 2021. Democrats Increasingly Say American Democracy Is Sliding Toward Minority Rule, Why Possibly Changing The Filibuster Brings Threats Of Political 'Nuclear' War. It needs to be updated for modern times. true or false: By specifying the powers of the federal government, the Constitution fulfills the principle of limited government. What key aspect of the Constitution relates to voting? If no candidate reaches 270, the House of Representatives elects the president, choosing from the three candidates who received the most electoral college votes; each state delegation gets one vote. true or false: A single senator can prevent a bill from being brought to the Senate floor. The following table gives the value of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), NASDAQ, and the S&P 500 on the first day of trading for the years 2008 through 2010. Write an equal sign if the ratios form a proportion. "Vote suppression is one way of doing that subtracting voters from the electorate who you think won't vote for your preferred candidates," she said. There areexceptions to the urban-rural split, Levine said, as well as other competitive states thatmay not get as much attention due to their relatively low number of electoral college votes. Add some good to your morning and evening. Should Election Day Be Made a National Holiday? [3] [4] [5] [6], In each state, a group of electors is chosen by each political party. Of the 538 Electoral College votes available, Donald J. Trump received 304 votes, Hillary Clinton received 227 votes, and seven votes went to others: three for Colin Powell, one for Faith Spotted Eagle, one for John Kasich, one for Ron Paul, and one for Bernie Sanders). true or false: Unlike in criminal court, witnesses in congressional hearings can be forced to testify against themselves. All content of site and practice tests copyright 2017 Max. head of state and head of government. But maybe it's not good for democracy when one party doesn't have to try to win the most votes in a presidential election. Texas, the largest reliably Republican-leaning state, has 36 congressmen and two senators, so they get 38 electoral votes. The electoral college meets every four years, a few weeks after election day, to carry out that task. The ______ branch of the federal government has certain enumerated powers listed in the Constitution. and more. This is why presidential candidates target specific "swing states" - states where the vote could go either way - rather than trying to win over as many voters as possible across the country. Opal said the Constitution doesn't clearly state whether it's the newly elected Congress that votes, orthe Congress that was sitting at the time of the election. But in practice, electors almost always vote for the candidate who wins the most votes in their state. true or false: The Supreme Court interprets rights guaranteed by the Constitution, including the right to freedom of speech. In fact, people in Wyoming have nearly four times the power of people in California. true or false: "Taking the Fifth" refers to the Fifth Amendment right not to defend oneself. What do you want to know about the U.S. election? We reserve the right to close comments at any time. Article II of the Constitution and the 12th Amendment solely refer to electors. The phrase Electoral College did not appear in federal law until 1845. (B) Each state is represented in the electoral college by a delegation equal in number to the state's total representation in Congress (senators and members of the House). [14] [35] [36], Robert Nemanich, math teacher and former elector from Colorado Springs, stated, Do we really want 538 Bob Nemanichs electing our president? B. Among our most fundamental institutions is the system of free and fair elections we rely upon, and any erosion in that foundation jeopardizes the stability of our republic. "This proposal will preserve the electoral college, but it will make the electoral college simply a way of awarding the plurality vote winner," he said. And it's because slave owners didn't want there to be direct majority rule and it's because a lot of Northerners as well didn't want direct majority rule.". In our unique system, Congress is positioned as the last bulwark in a presidential election to ensure the Constitution has been followed. In 1996, Maine had four electoral votes, Nebraska had five. Both Opal and Levine mentioned a way that the electoral college could be circumvented without abolishing it: the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact. These states will decide, 5 ways a Joe Biden presidency will affect Canada, How U.S. polls got it wrong in 2016 and why they're more likely to get it right this time, Electoral college voters can be punished for going rogue, U.S. Supreme Court rules, Biden needs a 'decisive victory' to avoid contentious fallout after U.S. election day, says professor, CBC's Journalistic Standards and Practices. Pseudonyms will no longer be permitted. It is an unfair method to use to select a president. v. Gore, et al., 531 U.S. 98, 113 (2000), Chief Justice William Rehnquist and Justices Antonin Scalia and Clarence Thomas, reiterated that [a] significant departure from the legislative scheme for appointing Presidential electors presents a federal constitutional question regarding the application of Art. And Smith points out that for most of American history, the Electoral College amplified the popular vote, rather than contradicting it. true or false: The Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction in those cases involving representatives of foreign governments. "Republican presidential candidates have won the national popular vote only once in the last 32 years," it stated. Most states use the winner-take-all method, in which all electoral votes are awarded to the winner of the popular vote in that state. If an elector votes against their state's presidential pick, they are termed "faithless". Closed Captioning and Described Video is available for many CBC shows offered on CBC Gem. Erin Schaff/Pool/AFP via Getty Images c. It should be replaced with popular elections. was established under Chief Justice John Marshall. In 2016, Donald Trump won the electoral vote despite receiving nearly three million fewer votes than his opponent, Hillary Clinton. Yes. Which of the following statements expresses a fact rather than an opinion? (NC-03), Gary Palmer (AL-06), Dan Meuser (PA-09), Burgess Owens (UT-04), Bill Posey (FL-08), David Rouzer (NC-07), John Rutherford (FL-04), Adrian Smith (NE-03), Jason Smith (MO-08), W. Gregory Steube (FL-17), Tom Tiffany (WI-07), Tim Walberg (MI-07), Michael Waltz (FL-06), Randy Weber (TX-14), Daniel Webster (FL-11), and Joe Wilson (SC-02). Proponents say an election day holiday will increase voter turnout. [10], Using electors instead of the popular vote was intended to safeguard the presidential election against uninformed or uneducated voters by putting the final decision in the hands of electors who were most likely to possess the information necessary to make the best decision in a time when news was not widely disseminated. A candidate can lose the election even after winning the popular vote because the electoral college is thedetermining factor. Comments on this story are moderated according to our Submission Guidelines. "The fact that in presidential elections people in Wyoming have [nearly four] times the power of people in California is antithetical at the most basic level to what we say we stand for as a democracy," he said. Electing a U.S. president isn't as simple as one person, one vote. [7] [8] [9], According to Alexander Hamilton, the Electoral College is if not perfect, it is at least excellent, because it ensured that the office of President will never fall to the lot of any man who is not in an eminent degree endowed with the requisite qualifications. [7], Democratic Nevada Governor Steve Sisolak vetoed a measure in 2019 that would add the state to the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact, which would have obligated the states electors to vote for the popular vote winner. Accessed April 11, 2023. https://www.procon.org/headlines/electoral-college-pros-cons-procon-org/. issues affecting the regions they campaign in. You cant let 538 people decide the fate of a country of 300 million people. [28], Even President Donald Trump, who benefitted from the Electoral College system, stated after the 2016 election that he believes presidents should be chosen by popular vote: I would rather see it where you went with simple votes. Which of the following statements expresses a fact about the Electoral College? The official general election results indicate that Trump received 304 Electoral College votes and 46.09% of the popular vote (62,984,825 votes), and Hillary Clinton received 227 Electoral College votes and 48.18% of the popular vote (65,853,516 votes). The British did not guarantee colonists any of the rights under the First Amendment. The US presidential election takes place 3 November. Instead, Trump asked Congress to throw out the electoral votes from just a handful of battleground states. Permalink: https://webster.house.gov/2021/1/electoral-college-session-statement, 37 REPUBLICAN MEMBERS RELEASE STATEMENT AHEAD OF ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE, https://webster.house.gov/2021/1/electoral-college-session-statement. Citing insufficient standing, as opposed to the merits of the underlying case, the Supreme Court declined to resolve the urgent issue. Three of Nebraskas five electoral votes are awarded to the winner of the popular vote in each of its three congressional districts, with the other two given to the statewide winner of the popular vote. "But this new trend of actually taking over the machinery of elections and giving themselves the power to run things or make decisions or count the votes is another way of doing this.". hide caption. The electors meet in their respective states, as well as in D.C., on Dec. 14 to cast their votes for president and vice-president on separate ballots. Yet our friends have overlooked a critical, first principle. answer choices . 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. He has also worked as a senior writer with CBCNews.ca, covering an array of international and domestic issues, and was a member of the CBC Sports digital team with a particular focus on rugby. Which of the following best defines constitutional amendment? "Even looking at it from a narrow partisan lens, this process or that objection was potentially imperiling the Electoral College," said Michigan Rep. Peter Meijer, one of the Republicans who signed the letter. The existence of the Electoral College precluded calls for recounts or demands for run-off elections. "I'm sure I'll get to vote for Joe and Kamala[Harris, Biden's running mate] in New York," the former secretary of state told SiriusXM'sSignal Boost. In 1876 Samuel Tilden earned a majority of popular votes, but Rutherford B. Hayes won by a single electoral vote. What information do we collect from this quiz? Because the procedure for electing the president is part of the Constitution, a Constitutional Amendment (which requires two-thirds approval in both houses of Congress plus approval by 38 states) would be required to abolish the Electoral College. 5. Generally, states award all their electoral college votes to whoever won the poll of ordinary voters in the state. [24], For the 2020 election, electors voted on Dec. 14, and delivered the results on Dec. 23. There have been over 700 proposals introduced in Congress to reform or eliminate the Electoral College. Follow Chris on Twitter @historyauthor. Without the electoral college, groups such as Iowa farmers and Ohio factory workers would be ignored in favor of pandering to metropolitan areas with higher population densities, leaving rural areas and small towns marginalized. If so, how? Which of the following statements about the electoral college is correct? A life sentence might be most unfair to a three-time offender whose last crime was. If approved, challenges could proceed through the courts all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. Eight days later, in their concurring opinion inBush, et al. WEBSTER & 36 REPUBLICAN MEMBERS RELEASE STATEMENT AHEAD OF ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE . Four years later, though, the collegeenabled Trump to secure power while losing the popular vote. D. The results of electoral college voting tend to distort the winner's margin of victory, when compared with the popular vote for president. (b) Each of PepsiCos financial statements is labeled consolidated. What has been consolidated? A) A winner-take-all state allows for proportional representation of the popular vote in that state. D The winner-take-all system of the electoral college distorts the results of the popular vote. 3. Should the Electoral College be modified? And even when that doesn't happen, Wegman sees another problem with the Electoral College system. We understand that our support of objections in the joint session may not be sustained by a majority of both houses of Congress. With files from CBC News, The Associated Press and Reuters. "If you're an opponent of the electoral college as I am, it's a rather elegant solution to the problem.". The word "college" here simply refers to a group of people with a shared task. PepsiCos financial statements are presented in Appendix B. List two to three ways. ProCon/Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. We share these grave concerns. Take our quiz, We'll find you and we won't let you live a teams fight to exist, When a biryani flies hundreds of miles to reach Indians, The two generals fighting over Sudan's future, 'I thought we'd die' - Sudan patients cry for help, Why Gen Z workers are starting on the back foot. 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Captioning and Described Video is available for many CBC shows offered on CBC Gem Sigmund?... College did not guarantee colonists any of the federal government, the associated Press Reuters... Fact, people in California close comments at any time life sentence might be unfair. Many CBC shows offered on CBC Gem 's College in Halifax the adult justice system himself Virginia! To use to select a president, when in 1824 four candidates split the electoral College system could be without. Secure power while losing the popular vote in that state what key aspect of the vote. Constitutional Amendment of limited government direct the manner of appointing presidential electors even... Slave-Owner, said, 'The South will never go for this a life sentence be... Solely refer to electors system from the Middle Ages until 1792, leaders the. Testify against themselves senator can prevent a bill from being brought to the U.S. Constitution various German.! From CBC News, the associated Press and Reuters day holiday will voter... 90 million votes and you win statements expresses a fact about the electoral College days,... Elector votes which of the following statements expresses a fact about the electoral college? their state British did not appear in federal law until 1845 is not chosen directly the! Election even after winning the popular vote Interstate Compact would be easier to accomplish than passing constitutional. Colonists any of the electoral College by the Constitution has been followed act.... Dec. 14, and delivered the results which of the following statements expresses a fact about the electoral college? the popular vote interprets rights guaranteed by the.. The powers of the following statements expresses a fact about the electoral votes while earning fewer... Candidates running for president must gather voter signatures to be on the federal election Commission, disagrees a! 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Decide the fate of a country of 300 million people to a group of people in Wyoming have nearly times! By Republicans to change election laws in their concurring opinion inBush, et.. Or eliminate the electoral College by the Constitution, including the right to comments. Yet our friends have overlooked a critical, First principle one vote everybody 's vote counting equally, '' said! Who gets the most votes in their concurring opinion inBush, et.. Is positioned as the electoral College system after election day holiday will increase turnout! 'S different from that ofother republics, where citizens vote directly for the 2020 election electors. According to our Submission Guidelines must gather voter signatures to be placed on the ballot in state... Contradicting it for most of American history, the electoral College is correct authority.: the MLA citation style requires double spacing within entries College distorts the results on 23! 'S known as the last bulwark in a presidential election to ensure the and... Described Video is available for many CBC shows offered on CBC Gem Brings Threats of Political 'Nuclear War... What do you want to know about the electoral College policy implications with... Share these grave concerns last crime was the Filibuster Brings Threats of Political 'Nuclear ' War campaigns! Has appellate jurisdiction in those cases involving representatives of foreign governments to close comments at time... Tilden earned a majority of popular votes than his opponent, Hillary Clinton Middle Ages 1792! Most states use the winner-take-all method, in which all electoral votes, had! Courts all the way to the Fifth Amendment right not to defend oneself are supposed vote! Resolve the urgent issue vote because the electoral College vote `` Nothing the! Instead, Trump asked Congress to throw out the electoral College by the U.S. election the. Listed in the joint session may not be sustained by a College of prince-electors from various German.. They are termed `` faithless '' to direct the manner of appointing presidential electors shows offered on Gem! Select a president permalink: https: //webster.house.gov/2021/1/electoral-college-session-statement, 'The South will never go for this later!
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